Are We Judging the Pope?
In judging that Joseph Ratzinger is not Pope, as we judging Pope Benedict XVI? In this section we have established several things that apply not only to Ratzinger, but his four predecessors, Roncalli, Montini, Luciani and Wojtyla. So we must ask this question in all five cases: Are we judging the Pope? Actually if we can demonstrate that Roncalli was not Pope, then as his successors we disqualify Montini, Luciani, Wojtyla and Ratzinger, as demonstrated on the page on how antipopes are created.If you search the internet several theories are advanced. Let us consider these:1. Angelo Roncalli became a heretic, when he penned Pacem In Terris, which teaches the heresy of Religious Liberty.3. Montini became a heretic, when he approved the first heretical Vatican II document. 4. Because of any one of these events, we must conclude that Roncalli or Montini as the case may be was a heretic prior to his election. 5. There may be other possible theories.With the exception of the fourth theory, all are judging the Pope to have become a heretic. On the page devoted to that discussion, we determined that such is most likely impossible.Does this then prove that all five men were truly elected Pope. There is another possibility. It can be demonstrated that all five were heretics prior to their election. In this case we are not judging the Pope, but when there is a very good reason to doubt whether or not a man actually became Pope. Basically none of the five were papabile, that is capable of being elected Pope.Some of the pre-election heresies of Luciani (by far the hardest to find, because so little has been written on him due to his short usurpation.)
Michael Fighting
